NFS Sharing and Persistent Connection 🐧
Setup the NFS Share from node01
🐧 Your team has determined they need an NFS share to facilitate filesystem access across multiple servers from one central location.
🐧 Deploy the nfs server on node01
🐧 Share out a filesystem /share to any system
🐧 Verify that the sytem is being shared out
💬 Let's setup NFS Share 🐧🐧🐧
1. Connect to node01
2. Verify there is no nfs package
3. Deploy the nfs server package
Example Output
node01 $ apt -y install nfs-kernel-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
keyutils libnfsidmap2 libtirpc-common libtirpc3 nfs-common rpcbind
Suggested packages:
watchdog
The following NEW packages will be installed:
keyutils libnfsidmap2 libtirpc-common libtirpc3 nfs-common nfs-kernel-server rpcbind
0 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 101 not upgraded.
Need to get 504 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1938 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtirpc-common all 1.2.5-1ubuntu0.1 [7712 B]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 libtirpc3 amd64 1.2.5-1ubuntu0.1 [77.9 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 rpcbind amd64 1.2.5-8 [42.8 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 keyutils amd64 1.6-6ubuntu1.1 [44.8 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 libnfsidmap2 amd64 0.25-5.1ubuntu1 [27.9 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 nfs-common amd64 1:1.3.4-2.5ubuntu3.4 [204 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 nfs-kernel-server amd64 1:1.3.4-2.5ubuntu3.4 [98.9 kB]
Fetched 504 kB in 1s (756 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libtirpc-common.
(Reading database ... 72924 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../0-libtirpc-common_1.2.5-1ubuntu0.1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libtirpc-common (1.2.5-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libtirpc3:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../1-libtirpc3_1.2.5-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libtirpc3:amd64 (1.2.5-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package rpcbind.
Preparing to unpack .../2-rpcbind_1.2.5-8_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking rpcbind (1.2.5-8) ...
Selecting previously unselected package keyutils.
Preparing to unpack .../3-keyutils_1.6-6ubuntu1.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking keyutils (1.6-6ubuntu1.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libnfsidmap2:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../4-libnfsidmap2_0.25-5.1ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libnfsidmap2:amd64 (0.25-5.1ubuntu1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nfs-common.
Preparing to unpack .../5-nfs-common_1%3a1.3.4-2.5ubuntu3.4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nfs-common (1:1.3.4-2.5ubuntu3.4) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nfs-kernel-server.
Preparing to unpack .../6-nfs-kernel-server_1%3a1.3.4-2.5ubuntu3.4_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nfs-kernel-server (1:1.3.4-2.5ubuntu3.4) ...
Setting up libtirpc-common (1.2.5-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up keyutils (1.6-6ubuntu1.1) ...
Setting up libnfsidmap2:amd64 (0.25-5.1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libtirpc3:amd64 (1.2.5-1ubuntu0.1) ...
Setting up rpcbind (1.2.5-8) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rpcbind.service → /lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sockets.target.wants/rpcbind.socket → /lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.socket.
Setting up nfs-common (1:1.3.4-2.5ubuntu3.4) ...
Creating config file /etc/idmapd.conf with new version
Adding system user `statd' (UID 115) ...
Adding new user `statd' (UID 115) with group `nogroup' ...
Not creating home directory `/var/lib/nfs'.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-client.target → /lib/systemd/system/nfs-client.target.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/remote-fs.target.wants/nfs-client.target → /lib/systemd/system/nfs-client.target.
nfs-utils.service is a disabled or a static unit, not starting it.
Setting up nfs-kernel-server (1:1.3.4-2.5ubuntu3.4) ...
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service → /lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service.
Job for nfs-server.service canceled.
Creating config file /etc/exports with new version
Creating config file /etc/default/nfs-kernel-server with new version
Processing triggers for systemd (245.4-4ubuntu3.18) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.9.1-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.31-0ubuntu9.9) ...
4. Verify that the server is running but nothing is being shared out.
Example Output
node01 $ systemctl status nfs-server.service --no-pager
● nfs-server.service - NFS server and services
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (exited) since Wed 2023-05-03 04:36:47 UTC; 1min 49s ago
Main PID: 37794 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Tasks: 0 (limit: 2339)
Memory: 0B
CGroup: /system.slice/nfs-server.service
May 03 04:36:46 node01 systemd[1]: Starting NFS server and services...
May 03 04:36:47 node01 systemd[1]: Finished NFS server and services.
Example Output
node01 $ ss -ntulp | grep 2049
udp UNCONN 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:*
udp UNCONN 0 0 [::]:2049 [::]:*
tcp LISTEN 0 64 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:*
tcp LISTEN 0 64 [::]:2049 [::]:*
💬 Notice the service is running, the ports 2049 are open for TCP and udp connections, and no shares are being shared out
5. Further verify that the firewall isn't running to complicate things
6. Let's create a directory to share out. We also need to prep it for other systems to connect and write by changing permissions
7. Add the line /share *(rw,sync,no_subtree_check) to /etc/expots to share out the directory
8. After doing this, you will need to restart the service to see the share
💬 Once you see the share, you're ready to move on to the client connection
9. Remember to move back to controlplane node
Setup the client and connect from controlplane
🐧 So far you've set up an NFS server and share, now we have to connect to it as another system
🐧 Install the nfs-common client
🐧 Mount the node01:/share to /mnt to test
🐧 Make the node01:/share to /mnt a permanent setting in
/etc/fstab
10. Install the nfs-common client
11. Test the mount point to verify we can connect
12. Let's examine the mount point in our system
Example Output
controlplane $ df -h /mnt
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
node01:/share 20G 5.4G 14G 29% /mnt
13. Let's verify we can write into this directory
Example Output
controlplane $ touch /mnt/test1
controlplane $ ls -l /mnt
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nogroup 0 May 3 05:10 test1
14. Remove the mount point so we can mount it via /etc/fstab
15. Edit /etc/fstab and add the line `node:01/share /mnt nfs
defaults 0 0`
16. Now we use the /etc/fstab to ensure that the mount point correctly mounts on reboot. This is an old system administrator trick
17. If this works, the system is set up correctly. Let's check our mount point again
Example Output
controlplane $ df -h /mnt
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
node01:/share 20G 5.4G 14G 29% /mnt
18. Let's do on last write check to ensure everything is working correctly
Example Output
controlplane $ touch /mnt/finalcheck
controlplane $ ls -l /mnt/finalcheck
-rw-r--r-- 1 nobody nogroup 0 May 3 05:15 /mnt/finalcheck
💬 If that's all worked, then the system is correctly set up!
Look at you, learning Linux Configuration! You created a NFS share and then connected to it from another system 🐧
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